Cabbubeteb



W. P. KIDDER.

CARBUHEER. APPLICAHGN FILED GCT, 2:4, 1915.

L, 'fu

UNITED STATES N:PATENT OFFICE.

WELLINGTON r. minnen, or Bosman, MASSACHUSETTS.

camionneur.

To all who/n t mayconcern."

Be it-known that I, WELLINGTON P'. Km- DEii, a citizen of the United States', residing at Jamaica Plain, Boston, VMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful` Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to earburet'ers for internal combustion engines `and particularly to the regulation of the. fuel and air intake accordin to the needs of the engine.

Une ofthe o jects of the resent inv'ention is the revision of a car ureter whereby, thefue valve of a cylindrical and tapered form, will not' only be relieved'of the lateral vibratory effects of the air valve, but "will have ample lateral freedom to find its own alinement in Yits guides4 'I :his permits a substantial reduction to be mairiein the Adiameter of the fuel valve for the same capacity of discharge thus reducin f the weight of the valve and-permitting a ooserlfit, thereby4 eliminating to a maximum degijee the tend-` ency of the `fuel valve to'ivearV or 'bind in its guide.l It should be explained'that in such` valves, the di'erencerthat exists ibetween the `area or'diameter ofthecyliridrical stein and the mean area` or diameter of the tapering portion, becomes relatively less with an increasing'size of Ivalve, as the di ametcr is in proportion to the circumference.

Accordin to the present invention it is contemplateV to change 'the ratio of roprtion between the size of the cylindrica stetnan'd tlmmean size of the taper, and to adapt to a given `taper a cylindrical stem which is smaller in diameter than that Which lA-t would usually have 'in` radice. By thus reducing the eylindriea diametnof .the stem there is not only eii'ectedv a .decrease in the weightwhich is a factor of wear, but the yratio of relative difference insize'is ian.- creased, so that a greatermar'gin olf metal. is obtained which may be wornla-Way without affecting the efiiciency of the valve.`

Another eatureof my` invention `consists i in the provision of means Efor holding the` air valve at a `variable elevation from` its seat for idling, and for depressing the valve from its nearly closed 'or' idling position to a position nearer `the airA` inlet constituting a choking" position 4and for momentarily holding said valve in said choking position while starting cold. This depressing Inovement4 is effected through co nections:V to the dash cfmboiled by the ope tor.

` Specioation of Letters Patient.

y Application tiled October 23, 1915. Serial No.57,589.

Patented July i, `1919.

The invention further contemplates a more thorough and efficient atomization and vaporization of the mixture whereby the fmixture will be broken up and delivered to the engine in a forni complete for immediate explosion.

lhese and various other features which will appear more fully hereinafter are cured in the earbureter of the present invention.l The construction and operation of my carburetor will be more articularly disclosed in the specification w lich follows. In thediawings forming a part of that specification I have shown as illustrative of my invention two constructions which have been found satisfactory and efficient in use. Throughout specification and drawings like reference numerals are employed to indicate corresponding parts, and in the drawings:

, Figure l is a vertical section through one form of carburetor in accordance with my invention and showin particularly the ar- `rangement ywhereby't e fuel valve is ref 'lieved of the vibration of the air valve and `the arrangement for securing the idling and` choking adjustments thereo Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modification illustrating an arrangement for va ing both the ratio of feed andthe de Free o relative movement of the air and uel valves.

Fig, 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 3 of F ig. 2.v

kshown in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

In both embodiments of my invention the numeral 1 indicates the o lindrieal outer shell of the crburete'r.- T e shell 1 is de flected inwardly at its upper end to* provide a restricted passage 2 for the mixture and terminates in an annular fiange Iwith Which the intake .tothe engine connects. `The delivery of the mixture throuV h the restricted passage 2 is controlled by tii `valve 4 operated from the dash. I

.Set within the shell 1 isan intake sleeve 5; The inner wall of this sleeve is preferably .i corrugated as indicated at (i tofassist insubdivdin the mixture and delivering it .to the engine `in a form bestjsuited for immediate combustion# Theshell 1 and sleeve 5 del" i Itine an annulaire-pace or jacket 7 with which .connection may be made for heating the ear- 4bureter from the exhaust of the engine.

' Secured to the base of the shell 1 by screws Fig. l is a plan view of the carburetor i end of which is fast in the base of the castring 11. This may conveniently be effected lay-providing the air valve -with an integral depending extension 14 which guides i the post 13. In the form of Fig. 1 the base 15 of he sleeve 14 acts as a counterwci ht for the valve, andiprovides a ledge or caring surface for the valve depressing finger 42 which finger holds the valve down to act as a choker 1n starting cold, as will presently appear. In the device of Fig. 2 the base 15 forms thc movable piston of a dash pot cylinder 16, This cylinder is simpl an extension of the casting 1'. In this fiirm a stop screw or equivalent device 16 is provided to limit the movement of the iston 15. This screw therefore permits in1tial adjustment olf tlhe air valve from Without the carburetor s el.

In this embodiment, Fig. 2, the air valve 10 is loosely engaged by a rocker lever 161 mounted on a rock shaft. 171, connected in any suitable manner with the dash, whereby the auftomatic actionof the air valve may be artially interru ted or controlled by hand rom the dash w en desired. The :free end of the rockerlever is engaged between a collar 17s on the sleeve 14 and the depending hub 10l of the air valve. l

In both embodiments, the weight of the air valve 10 is sufficient to provide desired uniform suction without the uhse of springs.

The stem 17, Fig.'1, is poised lightly on the to face of the air valve, so as to e operated y and in the automatic operationy of the air valve, and is anchored so as not to rise away from contact with the air valve while having am le freedom for lateral play, `whereby to findp its own alinement in its guide 18. The structure for so mounting this stem consists preferably of a flat seat' portion 19 fast to a collar 20 on the lower end of the stem 17. The member 19 seats on the top face of the air valve, as clearly shown in,` Fig. 1, and a hook or equivalent device 201 fixed in the air valve adjacent the edge bf he member 19 serves to prevent `complete disconnection of the valve 10 and stem. This device 291 is so arranged, however, as not to interfere with the normal rise and fall of the stem with the air valve, or to unduly limit the lateral play of said stein.

In this ma ner the stern 17 may be made of very small1 diam tcr and hence be very light in weight for given capacity of dis-' ,a Hoat chamber 23 by an `held ata variable elevation from the flan e 9. In its choking or suction increasing position, the air valve is depressed, by connections operable from the dashboard, from itsA nearly closed or idling position to a position nearer the flan e 9 and held momentarily in said position wliile starting cold. The idling adjustment of the air valve is effected by means of a rock shaft 40 journaied 'transversely in the casting 1l and having fast thereto a short supporting finger 41 projecting into the path of movement of the air valve near its edge. The air valve rests on the free end of this linger in its idling position. The finger 41 is held up against an adjusting screw 45 set through the casting 1l by a coil spring 44 coiled around the rock shaft 40. This spring is of sufficient strength to resist the weight of the air valve in its idling position. By adjusting the screw.45, the position of tho linger 41 when raised may be varied, and hence the idling elevation of the air valve changed.

' The choking adjustment of the air valve is effected by means of a second and longer depressing finger 42 fast on the rock shaft 40 to one side of the sup iorting finger 41 and adapted to be swung down into contact with the ledge or base portion 15 of the air valve by a rocking movement of -the shaft 40 effected by the operator from. the dash through any suitab e intervening connections, partly indicated at 43, Fig. 4, thereby holding down the air valve for a choker to increase the suction while starting cold, the spring 44 yielding to allow the depressing fin er 42 to hold the air valve down.

'ghe main inlet of fuel is controlled in both forms by the tapered portion 172 of the valve stem 17 which is arranged coaxfially` with the air valve 10 and has lts stem rtion vertical] ided in the guide 18 xecl within the siieul. The guide 18 in both embodiments has an intake 211 chambered out near its base 22 and communicating with suitable c onnection 24. The up er end o the guide may be closed by a snita le cap screw 20.

The'valves 10 and 172 in Figs. 2 and 3 are connected to each other to move together upon operation of lthe rocker lever 161 by intermediate connections adjustable either by hand or from the dash, and permitting certain relations of the two valves whereby any desired feed Aof fuel may be secured to suit the volume of air in all positions of the air valve. These connections comprise an `arm 25 fast on the air valve 10 and having pivoted to it at 26 one end of a rocker lever 27. The op insite end of the lever 27 is forked as indicated at 27l to receive a ball pivot 28 carried eocentrically on a stem 29 .rotatable in a bearing in an adjustin screw bushing 30 setthrough the shell 1. T 1e fork 271 is of sufficient width to permitthe ball pivot 28 to pasa through its entire course while still resting between the ends of the fork. The adjustment of the screw bushing may be held by any convenient locking device (not shown).

The lever 27 is slotted between its ends as indicated at 31 to receive a ivot stud 32 at the lower end of the ne le valve 172. This form of connection aEords a slight play at the pivot rmitting the valve 172 to swing verticalllyeupward with the vertically upward swing of the arm 25.

The adjustment of the valves 10 and 17 is usually made at the factory when the carburetor is assembled. This adjustment may be varied according to the individual needs of the particular motor upon which the carbureter is installed by rotating the eccentric stem in its bearing to vary the horizontality of the rocker lever 27 where b to increase or decrease the separation of tlie valves 10 and 172 and thus vary the richness of the mixture, or by removing the lock device for the screw bushing 30 and adjustin said screw bushing in its bearing in the s ell 1, vary the relation of the ball 28 in its socket 27l and thus change the ratio of movement of the two valves. When the proper ladjustments have been found, the screw bushing is locked against rotation in its bearing. It will be noted that these adjustments may: all be made from without the rarbureter. This obviates the necessity of dismantling the instrument in order to vary the relation of the two valves.

These connections therefore permit two adjustments of the valves 10 and 17. By rotating the eccentrically mounted ball pivot 28 through the :altemA 29, the pivot is raised or lowered, thereby adjusting the fuel valve to a leaner or a richer mixture relative to the air valve ca acity, according to the direction in whic the stem is rotated. By rotating the screw bushing 30. the short arm length of the rocker lever 27 is shortened or lengthened, causing the fuel valve to rise a longer or shorter distance relative t9 the distance of rise of the air valve. This adjustment changes the ratio of movement of the two valves so that if, for example, the mixture is correct at low throttle position, but is too richwhen opened up, the fuel valve may be caused to move a less distance, owing' to the shortening of the short arm and of the rockerv lever by means of the screw bushing, and thereby decreases the fuel dis;

charge when the fuel valve is opened or vice verse. These adiustmente therefore permit any desired feed of fuel to suit the volume of air in all positions.

The eccentric adjustment of the ball for varying the'richness of the mixture may lneilecte either by hand or from tluI dash through the lever 33 attached at one ond to the stem 29 and at its other end with any suitable connection (not shown) to the dash.

In addition to securing these adjustuwnts, the intermediate connections 25, 27, 29 wrmit the diameter of the needle valve 1l 1o be materially reduced because this valve is relieved of the lateral jar of the air valve and obviates the necessity for an accurately close guided it of the stem 17 of the valve 172 in the guide 18, thus reducing the friction and resultant wear on the stem and reventing all tendency of the stem to Stic in the guide.

In the operation of this embodiment, when the automatic air valve 10 is raised bg' the action of the air being sucked into t e carburetor through the air intake 11 by the engine, it swings the rocker lever 27 on its pivot, thereby raising the needle valve 172 bo open the port 21' and permit a fuel discharge in proportion to the volume of air subject to such adjustments of the connections 27, 28, 29 as may have been made.

Under some circumstances, it is desirable to make all initial factory adjustments of the automatic fuel valve, particularly in the simpler arrangement of my invention shown in Fig. 1, slightly too lean at the time of installation and to later iuljust the flow of fuel to suit the articular motor on which it may be installe I provide for this adjustment in both forms of my present in vcntion by a secondary fuel valve 35 supplementary to the automatic fuel valve 172.

The auxiliary fuel valve ma he a simple needle valve adjustable in tie boro of a horizontal extension 36 at thc base of the guide 20 by a threaded stein 37 and con trolling a port 3H at said base disposed for communication with the fuel inlet port 21'. When thevalve is manipulated to open the port 38, additional fuif flows through said port into the bore of' the extension 36 and is discharged through a discharge port 39 in said extension down onto the air valve 10 which acts as a spreader for both. the main and supplemental fuel discharges f the auxiliary valve 35. When once opened to the proper degree to ermit additional fuel discharge for correcting to suit the inn dividual needs of the motor, any leanness or insufficient flow of fuel through the automatic fuel valve 172, the valve 35 may be se cured in its adjusted position by any suitable check nut or equivalent locking device.

In some cases where it is desired to tcmporarily effect a considerably greater ope'nlai supporting relation, means for varying tlm vasion of said Spring to adjust said snppmi, and means to overcome said springind nmw said valve closer toward said ail' infaim.

14. In a oarbureter having an air intake, an ail' valve controlling said air intake, a pivntcd valve supporting device having a snpFortzing surface disposgd in the path of sau. valve, and a springof a strength sufficient to resist the, Weightof said valv and acting against said supporting device to nor 'naliy position said supporting surface in 11n 'with 0f Said Valve.

I "a a carbureter having an air intake,

un ail' valwy (-mtwling said intake, a piv oiml slippen-e :nlapiud to position said value abone said ail' intakv, u spiring normally maintaining said support in valvev supporting relation, means for varying the tvnsion of said springl to adjust said support, and means to overvomc said Spring;r and move said valve closer toward said air intake.

In tcstimony whereof l allix Inj' signature in presence of two witnesses.

WELLINGTON I. KIDDER.

Witnesses:

VICTORIA LownnN, AGNES V. OCONNELL. 

